Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Ghana
Legon
Ghana
April 2002
Crown House
231 Kings Road
Reading
RG1 4LS
UK
phone: 44 (0)118 929 9513
fax: 44 (0)118 929 9514
email: R7843@gamos.org
ã Gamos Ltd, 2002.
R7483.
Displaced Person Domestic Energy – Demonstration Phase
Project technical Report
Contract No: R7483
Dr K McKemey (Mitigation International)
Dr O Sakyi-Dawson (University of Ghana)
Dr SJ Batchelor (Gamos)
Funded by
Department for International Development
No 1 Palace Street
London
SW1E 5HE
UK
Main Partner
Department of Agricultural Extension
University of Ghana
Legon
Ghana
April 2002
Crown House
231 Kings Road
Reading
RG1 4LS
UK
phone: 44 (0)118 929 9513
fax:
44 (0)118 929 9514
email: R7843@gamos.org
ã Gamos Ltd, 2002.
This
document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for
international development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries.
The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID.
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Table of Contents
1.1
Improved Stoves
1.2
Firewood collection
1.3
Woodlots
1.4
Conclusions
1.5 Recommendations for future work
2. Introduction
3.1
Workshop Jan 2000
3.2
Extension activities
3.3
Second workshop
3.4
Focused Extension Interventions
3.4.1
Extension agents’
evaluation of the effectiveness of the different Extension methods / Media in
domestic energy extension activities
3.5 Final impact survey
4.1
The Theory of Reasoned Action
4.2
The measurement of the main variables
4.3
Understanding the analysis
4.3.1
Stage 1: Measurement of the different TORA components
4.3.2
Stage 2: Identifying and comparing the relationships between the TORA
components.
4.3.3
Stage 3: Reading the impact of an education intervention on the TORA
components
4.3.4
Stage 4: Reading the changes in the relationships between the TORA
components as a result of an education intervention
4.3.5 Stage 5: Identifying the cognitive 'barriers' and or 'drivers' influencing the intention to adopt the behaviour
5. Findings regarding Improved Stoves
5.1
Changes in the main TORA variables (Impact of focused extension)
5.2
Adoption of Improved Stoves (Behaviour)
5.3
Intention
5.4
Attitude
5.5
Subjective Norm (SN)
5.6
The influence of attitude and subjective norm on intention
5.7
Changes to the attitude (Outcome beliefs and values)
5.8
Attitudinal Barriers to and Drivers of improved stove adoption
5.9 Conclusions for Stoves
6. Findings regarding Fire wood Collection
Behaviour
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Changes in the main TORA variables (Impact of the focused extension)
6.3
The adoption of more sustainable gathering practice
6.4
Changes in the expressed intention to collect only dry wood in future
6.5
Attitude
6.6
The subjective norm
6.7
Changes in the outcome beliefs, values and attitudes regarding firewood
collection
6.8
Attitudinal Barriers and Drivers of sustainable firewood collection
6.9
Summary for firewood collection
6.10 Conclusion for firewood collection
7.
Findings regarding Wood lot management
7.1
Introduction
7.2
Changes in the main TORA variables (impact of focused extension)
7.3
Changes in the planting and management of wood lots
7.4
Changes in the stated intention to participate in wood lot planting.
7.5
Attitude to wood lot planting and management
7.6
Changes in the influence of the Subjective Norm on wood lot planting
7.7
Changes in the attitude construct.
7.8
Barriers and Drivers
7.9
Summary for woodlot management
7.10 Conclusion for woodlot management
8.1
Improved Stoves
8.1.1
First Survey Findings Barriers & Channels Improved Stove
8.1.2
Findings Regarding Improved Stove Adoption and the Impact of Extension
8.1.3
Conclusion
8.1.4
Recommendations
8.2
Firewood Collection
8.2.1
First Survey Findings Barriers & Channels Firewood Collection
8.2.2
Findings Regarding Sustainable Firewood Collection and the Impact of
Extension
8.2.3
Conclusion
8.2.4
Recommendations
8.3
Woodlot planting
8.3.1
First Survey Findings Barriers & Channels Wood lots
8.3.2
Findings Regarding Wood Lot Management and the Impact of Extension
8.3.3 Conclusion
9. Conclusions regarding the use and
validation of TORA
9.1
Application of the TORA
9.2
Relevance of the TORA
9.3 Conclusions
10. Recommendations for future work
11. References
12.
Appendix 1 R6849 – Barriers to the adoption of efficient energy
strategies in Northern Ghana - - overview
12.1
General discussion of the problem
12.1.1
Introduction
12.1.2
The need for another tool
12.1.3
Gathering opinions and reasons why
12.2
Rapid Assessment Tool
12.2.1
Difference between policy and peoples decisions
12.3
Ghana - Internally Displaced People and Methodology
12.4
Key Finding
12.4.1
Key barriers and messages regarding the firewood collection
12.4.2
Key barriers and messages regarding the use of improved stoves
12.4.3
Key barriers and messages regarding planting of woodlots
12.5
Lessons learned on using rapid assessment tool
12.5.1
Application of the first survey
12.5.2
Application of the second survey
12.5.3
Analysis of second survey
12.5.4
Future Use
12.6
Conclusions
12.7 Recommendation
13. Appendix 2 Domestic Fuelwood Programme
Strategy - AIDE MEMOIRE
13.1
Introduction
13.2
Is there really a problem?
13.3
Strategies for Action
13.4
Firewood Collection
13.5 Woodlots
14.
Appendix 3 Examples from the Flip Chart developed for the project
15.
Appendix 4 – Drama used in schools, communities and on radio (in
Dagbani with some adjustments)
16.
Appendix 5 Overview of the extension work undertaken within the project
16.1
The Messages Delivered by Extension Workers on Improved Stoves
16.2 The Messages Delivered by Extension Workers on Firewood Collection
16.3 The Messages Delivered by Extension Workers on Woodlot / Tree planting